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The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki, for its efforts “to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons.”
In 1956, local Hibakusha associations, along with victims of nuclear weapons tests in the Pacific, formed the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organisations. This name was shortened in Japanese to Nihon Hidankyo.
The Norwegian Nobel Committee praised the group “for demonstrating through witness testimony that nuclear weapons must never be used again.”
Nihon Hidankyo, also known as Hibakusha, was formed by witnesses to the only two nuclear bombs ever to be used in war in the history of the world.
The survivors have dedicated their lives to trying to rid the world of nuclear weapons.
“The Hibakusha help us to describe the indescribable, to think the unthinkable, and to somehow grasp the incomprehensible pain and suffering caused by nuclear weapons,” the committee said, announcing its decision in the Norwegian capital of Oslo on Friday.
Dan Smith, the director of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), told CNN he was “delighted” that the Hibakusha had been awarded this year’s prize.
“As the Soviet and US leaders Gorbachev and Reagan said in 1985, nuclear war can never be won and must never be fought. The Hibakusha remind us of that every day,” Smith said.
“The bomb on Nagasaki was the second time a nuclear weapon was used in war: Let it be the last!”
Around 80,000 people died instantly when the United States dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima while hundreds of thousands died later from Cancer.
Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba praised the committee’s decision. “It is extremely meaningful that the prize will be awarded to an organization that has worked for the abolition of nuclear weapons for many years,” he said Friday during a visit to Laos.
Friday’s prize is the 105th to be awarded since 1901. Nihon Hidankyo, the 141st laureate, will receive a cash award of around $1 million.
The committee said its decision is “securely anchored” in Alfred Nobel’s will, which outlines three criteria for awarding the prize: “the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses.”
Although the will was written before the creation of nuclear weapons, the Nobel Peace Prize has previously been awarded to individuals and groups involved in nuclear disarmament.
The International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons won the award in 2017. In 1995, it was awarded to Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs and the physicist Joseph Rotblat – the only scientist to walk away from the Manhattan Project at the Los Alamos Laboratory on moral grounds.
The committee also lauded Nihon Hidankyo for helping to maintain the nuclear taboo, which it said was “a precondition of a peaceful future for humanity.” It said the decision highlighted an encouraging fact that no nuclear weapon has been used in war in nearly 80 years.
Announcing the prize, Jørgen Watne Frydnes, chair of the committee, said: “The stories and testimonies of the Hibakusha are an important reminder of how unacceptable the use of nuclear weapons .”
In this year’s annual assessment on the state of armaments, SIPRI reported that the nine nuclear-armed states – the US, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea and Israel – “continued to modernize their nuclear arsenals and several deployed new nuclear-armed or nuclear-capable weapon systems in 2023.”
As of January 2024, SIPRI estimates there are 12,121 nuclear warheads across the globe, about 9,585 of which are in military stockpiles for potential use.
“While the global total of nuclear warheads continues to fall as Cold War-era weapons are gradually dismantled, regrettably we continue to see year-on-year increases in the number of operational nuclear warheads,” Smith said. “This trend seems likely to continue and probably accelerate in the coming years and is extremely concerning.”
