How Israel’s war on Lebanon has cost young people with autism and ADHD | News
Lebanon’s Conflict Compounds Challenges for Neurodivergent Families
Beirut, Lebanon – Following the death of her husband due to COVID-19 in 2020, Lena Kouyoumjian relocated to her parents’ home in Mazraat Yachouh, a village located approximately 20 minutes from Beirut. The transition has been difficult for the outgoing 46-year-old, who recognizes the need for support in caring for her 20-year-old daughter, Vana, who is autistic and non-verbal.
Lena first observed signs of autism in Vana when she was two years old. Though Vana is unable to express her feelings verbally, Lena strives to interpret her needs. “Like many autistic individuals, Vana requires a supportive and stable environment along with a structured routine to thrive,” Lena said.
The situation in Lebanon has become increasingly precarious since hostilities resumed in October 2023. Ongoing bombings and a worsening economic crisis have particularly affected vulnerable populations, including those with neurodevelopmental conditions.
The escalation of violence by Israeli forces in March caused Lena concern for her daughter’s well-being. As a trainer for children with disabilities, she is acutely aware of how Vana’s anxiety can heighten in times of stress. “Any sudden change in routine or exposure to loud noises can increase their anxiety and make them feel unsafe,” Lena explained. She has noticed that Vana has become increasingly anxious as the conflict continues.
The social stigma surrounding autism and ADHD poses additional challenges. Symptoms can vary widely among individuals but often include sensory sensitivities and emotional regulation difficulties. “In Lebanon, neurodivergent individuals often face misunderstanding and stigma,” said Lena.
The psychological toll of the conflict has intensified for neurodivergent individuals, who rely on consistent support systems. “Being a parent of an autistic child isn’t something every parent can handle,” Lena observed, highlighting the emotional challenges she faces in determining how much time and energy to dedicate to Vana.
Lena and Vana have received support from Lebanon’s Autism Awareness Association (AAA), a nonprofit organization based in Antelias that provides educational programs for children with autism. However, the war has exacerbated existing economic hardships, making it increasingly difficult for Lena to afford transportation to the center. “At times, it became impossible for her to go, so she had to stay home,” she said.
Ghada Hayek Makhoul, co-founder of AAA, noted the association’s ongoing efforts to raise awareness about autism in Lebanon. “Many people don’t know what autism really is or how it can manifest differently across the spectrum,” she stated.
The impacts of external stressors, such as the noise from conflict, can severely affect those with sensory sensitivities. Ghada’s son, Anthony, who is also 27 and non-verbal, has shown signs of distress during the conflict, often reacting by covering his ears in response to loud sounds. “The constant noise of drones and bombs has taken a significant toll on him,” Ghada explained.
As Lebanon’s war drags on, the financial burden on families seeking neurodevelopmental support has grown substantially. Educational programs like those offered by AAA cost around $700 per month, a significant expense amid rampant inflation. Reports indicate that over 80 percent of the Lebanese population lives in poverty, rendering such services unaffordable for many.
Many neurodivergent individuals continue to face deteriorating conditions. Adham Faraj, a 23-year-old psychology student diagnosed with ADHD, described how transitioning to online classes during the conflict has impacted his motivation. “It’s less engaging, making it hard to stay focused,” he said.
Psychologists and therapists are also struggling to meet the demands of families affected by the war. Rim Ajjour, a psychotherapist in Beirut, noted that the lack of accessible therapy means many of the skills neurodivergent individuals previously acquired are now disappearing. Therapists are attempting to keep services viable by freezing consultation fees despite rising costs.
As hostilities persist in the region, concerns about the future of mental health support loom large. Dr. Rabih El Chammay, director of Lebanon’s National Mental Health Programme, stated, “War complicates the situation by increasing the need for support while disrupting vital services.”
